Every Case Style, Explained
Fifteen converters cover writing, editing and programming. Here is what each one does and when to reach for it.
UPPERCASE and lowercase — the everyday fix
lowercase converts every letter to its small form — the quickest way to normalize text typed with Caps Lock on, or to prepare strings for case-insensitive comparison. UPPERCASE does the opposite, turning every letter into a capital for headlines, acronyms, legal notices and anywhere emphasis is needed. Both handle accented characters (é, ü, ñ) correctly.
Title Case — headlines that follow the rules
Title Case capitalizes the principal words while keeping short connectors — a, an, the, and, but, or, for, nor, on, at, to, from, by, in, of and friends — in lowercase, following AP-style headline conventions. The first and last words are always capitalized, and so is the first word after a colon. Perfect for article headlines, book titles, YouTube titles and email subject lines.
Sentence case — normal prose, restored
Sentence case lowercases everything, then capitalizes only the first letter of each sentence (after a period, question mark or exclamation mark, and at line starts). It is the fastest way to turn ALL-CAPS blocks or Title Case headings back into ordinary readable sentences, and it is the capitalization style most style guides recommend for UI labels and buttons.
camelCase and PascalCase — for code identifiers
camelCase joins words without separators, lowercasing the first word and capitalizing the rest: 'user profile settings' becomes userProfileSettings. It is the standard for variables and functions in JavaScript, Java and TypeScript. PascalCase capitalizes the first word too (UserProfileSettings) and is the convention for classes, React components and type names. The converter understands existing camel, snake, kebab and space-separated input, so you can translate between conventions in one click.
snake_case and kebab-case — backend and web favorites
snake_case joins lowercase words with underscores (user_profile_settings) — the house style of Python, Ruby, Rust and most database columns. kebab-case joins them with hyphens (user-profile-settings) and is the natural choice for URL slugs, CSS class names and file names, since search engines read hyphens as word separators.
CONSTANT_CASE, dot.case and path/case
CONSTANT_CASE is all caps joined by underscores (MAX_RETRY_COUNT) — how constants are declared in nearly every programming language. dot.case joins lowercase words with periods, common in configuration keys and namespaced identifiers (user.profile.settings). path/case joins them with forward slashes, matching URL paths and directory-style identifiers (user/profile/settings).
aLtErNaTiNg, iNVERSE and lOWER fIRST — the playful three
aLtErNaTiNg cAsE flips every other letter to capitals — the instantly recognizable mocking meme format. iNVERSE cASE swaps each letter's case, which rescues text typed with Caps Lock accidentally on: hELLO becomes Hello. lOWER fIRST lowercases the first letter of each word and capitalizes the rest, a small stylistic twist for social posts.
Frequently Asked Questions
How do I convert UPPERCASE text to lowercase?
Paste your text into the box above and click the 'lowercase' card — the converted text is copied to your clipboard automatically. The same works in reverse with the 'UPPERCASE' card, and 'iNVERSE cASE' swaps the case of every letter if you typed with Caps Lock on by mistake.
What is Title Case and which words are not capitalized?
Title Case is the headline style where principal words are capitalized but short connecting words — a, an, the, and, but, or, nor, for, on, at, to, from, by, in, of — stay lowercase. The first and last words of the title are always capitalized, as is the first word after a colon. Example: 'The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring'.
What is the difference between camelCase, PascalCase, snake_case and kebab-case?
They are the four most common naming conventions in programming. camelCase (userName) is used for variables and functions in JavaScript and Java. PascalCase (UserName) names classes and components. snake_case (user_name) is standard in Python, Ruby and SQL. kebab-case (user-name) appears in URLs, CSS classes and file names. This tool converts between all of them — it detects word boundaries from spaces, underscores, hyphens and existing camelCase.
Is my text uploaded to a server?
No. All conversions run 100% locally in your browser using JavaScript — your text is never sent over the network, stored, or logged anywhere. You can even disconnect from the internet after the page loads and every converter will keep working.
Can I convert multiple lines at once?
Yes. Enable the 'Convert each line separately' toggle and the chosen conversion is applied to every line independently — ideal for batch-converting lists of headings, variable names or slugs. Word, character, sentence and line counts update live under the input box.
Is this case converter really free?
Yes — completely free, with no sign-up, no limits and no watermarks. The site is funded by unobtrusive advertising, and the tool works on any device with a modern browser, including phones and tablets.